Salvia indica: Fact sheet
1. Botanical portrait
Salvia indica is a herbaceous perennial species native to the Near East and the eastern Mediterranean regions. It belongs to the Lamiaceae family and is distinguished by its upright shape and very elegant flowers. This scientific name means "Indian sage", although it does not come directly from this country. No notable synonyms are associated with this species.
2. Discovery
The species was first described in the 18th century by the Swedish botanist Carl Linnaeus (Carl von Linné), who included it in his work "Species Plantarum" in 1753. It was quickly introduced into botanical gardens for its ornamental properties and its resistance to the Mediterranean climate.
3. Morphological description
Shape: Perennial plant reaching 50 to 80 cm in height, with erect and branched stems.
Foliage: Oval to elliptical, opposite, dark green, often hairy leaves, 5 to 10 cm long.
Flowers: Tubular flowers arranged in whorls along the flower stems. Their colour varies from intense blue to deep purple.
Calyxes: Campanulate calyxes, slightly hairy, reinforcing the attractiveness of the inflorescences.
Seeds: Small nuts containing modestly sized seeds, easy to harvest for propagation.
4. Flowering
Salvia indica flowers in spring, usually between April and June. The flowers attract a wide variety of pollinators, including bees and butterflies. Their bright colour makes them a major asset in ornamental gardens.
5. Hybrids
Few hybrids have been developed from Salvia indica. However, it is sometimes crossed with other Mediterranean species to create resistant and elegant varieties.
6. Adaptations and Ecology
Salvia indica is well adapted to hot, dry climates. It prefers well-drained soils and tolerates prolonged periods of drought. It plays an important role in its native ecosystem by providing nectar for local insects.
7. Cultivation and Care Tips
Soil: Prefer poor to moderately fertile, well-drained soil with a slight alkalinity.
Exposure: Full sun or partial shade in warmer regions.
Watering: Limit watering, especially once the plant is well established.
Pruning: Remove faded flower stems to encourage new flowering and maintain a compact shape.
Propagation: Sow in spring or divide clumps in fall.
Diseases: Generally resistant, but can be susceptible to root rot in poorly drained soil.
8. Garden Use
Ideal for Mediterranean gardens or low-maintenance beds, Salvia indica combines well with grasses or other drought-tolerant perennials, such as lavender and santolina. It can also be grown in pots to enhance terraces and balconies.