Salvia glutinosa: A mountain sage, fragrant and medicinal
A scent of mountains and history
Salvia glutinosa spreads its rounded leaves and yellow, almost golden flowers in the garden, reminiscent of the alpine meadows where it thrives. It is a discreet but robust plant, whose subtle scent is reminiscent of the scent of fresh herbs. Although less well-known than its ornamental cousins, this sage has a particular charm and a rich history of use in traditional medicine. Its sticky texture and distinctively scented flowers make it a valuable addition to medicinal plant gardens.
The discovery: an encounter with the mountains
Salvia glutinosa is a plant native to the mountains of central Europe and Asia Minor. It was first described by the Swedish botanist Carl Linnaeus in 1753 in his work Species Plantarum, where he introduced it under the scientific name Salvia glutinosa. The term "glutinosa" refers to the slightly sticky texture of its leaves and stems, characteristics that are easily observed in its natural habitat, namely mountain slopes and cool meadows. It is therefore a plant resolutely rooted in the history of botanical discoveries of the 18th century.
A botanical portrait: the simplicity and robustness of a mountain sage
Scientific identification
Scientific name: Salvia glutinosa
Family: Lamiaceae (Lamiaceae)
Origin: Mountains of Central Europe and Asia Minor
Morphological description
Salvia glutinosa is a perennial plant with a bushy habit, which adapts perfectly to cool climates and well-drained soils.
Size: 60 to 80 cm in height, 30 to 50 cm in span.
Habit: Bushy, herbaceous, with strong stems and rough leaves.
Foliage: Broad, rough, light green with a slightly sticky texture. The deeply cut leaves are arranged opposite each other on the stem.
Flowering: Flowering occurs in summer, with erect flower stalks.
Flowers: Yellow, sometimes tinged with green, forming short, thick spikes. The flowers of Salvia glutinosa are small but produce a beautiful mass of flowers. The calyx is also somewhat hairy and sticky.
Adaptations and ecology: A sage of cool soils
Native to mountainous regions, Salvia glutinosa has adapted to cool and slightly humid environments.
Natural habitat: Mountainous areas, cool meadows and open forests.
Tolerance: Cold-hardy and can survive temperatures as low as -10°C. It tolerates moderate humidity well but prefers well-drained soils.
Root system: Relatively deep roots that allow it to anchor itself firmly in slightly acidic soils.
Gardener's tip: a discreet but robust sage
Exposure: Sun or partial shade, Salvia glutinosa prefers cool and shady places during the hottest hours of the day.
Soil: Moist, cool and well-drained. Prefers a soil rich in organic matter, slightly acidic or neutral.
Maintenance:
Watering: Moderate, but be careful not to leave the plant in soggy soil.
Pruning: Not necessary, but a light pruning at the end of winter can help maintain the shape of the plant.
Propagation: By sowing or cutting in spring.
Use in the garden: an ally of cool and medicinal gardens
Salvia glutinosa is ideal for cool or partial shade gardens, where it fits well into clumps and perennial beds. It is also very popular in medicinal gardens, where it can be used for its soothing properties.
Use:
Medicinal plant, traditionally used for its anti-inflammatory and calming properties.
Ornamental plant for mountain gardens and cool flowerbeds.
Perfect for shaded or semi-shaded areas.
Varieties and notes: simplicity and effectiveness
Although Salvia glutinosa is less cultivated than some other sages, it is highly valued for its medicinal properties and low maintenance.
Notable variety:
Salvia glutinosa ‘Gold Flame’: A cultivar with flowers with more pronounced golden hues.
Medicinal properties: This sage has long been used in traditional medicine to treat digestive disorders, inflammation and joint pain. Its name "clary" refers to its beneficial effects on mental clarity and health.
Salvia glutinosa remains a discreet but robust plant, adapted to cool and humid environments, while bringing a touch of color and history to the gardens where it finds its place. Its simplicity makes it a valuable ally of gardeners and herbalists, ready to brighten up spaces and provide relief to those who cultivate it.